Train Food Ordering App for Travelers – Online Meal Delivery

Introduction

The Train Food Ordering App for Travelers is an innovative digital platform that allows passengers to order hygienic and delicious meals during their train journeys. With the increasing need for convenience and variety, this app connects train travelers with authorized food vendors at various stations, ensuring a seamless food delivery experience right to their train seat. Train Food Order App on Traveling

This application involves three core modules: Admin, Vendor, and User, each with tailored functionalities to streamline operations, maintain quality, and ensure customer satisfaction.

Train Food Ordering App for Travelers – Online Meal Delivery

Key Features & Objectives

• Enable travelers to order food on trains using their PNR number or Train number.

• Empower vendors to manage menus and fulfill orders in real time.

• Allow administrators to monitor vendors, users, and maintain a clean feedback environment.

• Ensure fast, safe, and hygienic delivery of food to the passenger’s seat.

System Modules Overview

Admin Module

The admin plays a critical role in managing the entire ecosystem—approving vendors, monitoring user activity, and maintaining the platform’s quality.

Features:

1. Admin Login:
   Secure login to access the admin dashboard and manage system operations.

2. Approve Vendor:
   Reviews and approves vendor applications after verifying business credentials, hygiene certificates, and service location.

3. View User Details:
   Access to user profiles, order history, and wallet activity for auditing and customer support.

4. Delete Abuse Comment:
   Ensures a clean and respectful environment by removing inappropriate or offensive user feedback or comments.

Vendor Module

Vendors (restaurants or authorized food providers at train stations) use the system to list menu items, process orders, and engage with customer feedback.

Features:

1. Vendor Register:
   Vendors sign up by providing details such as restaurant name, location, license, contact, and food categories served.

2. OTP Verification:
   Mobile number verification through OTP ensures authenticity and security.

3. Login:
   Authenticated login provides access to the vendor dashboard for daily operations.

4. Add Food Item:
   Vendors can add dishes with prices, categories, images, and special offers.

5. Update/Delete Food Item:
   Manage menu items dynamically based on availability or demand.

6. Manage Order:
   Vendors can view all incoming orders in real-time with train and PNR details.

7. Update Order Status:
   Track and update orders as:

   • Pending

   • Preparing

   • On the Way

   • Delivered

8. View Feedback & Rating:
   Vendors can view user ratings and feedback for quality improvement.

9. My Profile:
   Edit business details, contact info, and change passwords securely.

User Module

The traveler or passenger is the end user who places food orders during their journey by providing the train number or PNR number.

Features:

1. Register:
   Quick and easy sign-up process with basic details.

2. OTP Verification:
   Ensures genuine user registration via mobile verification.

3. Login:
   Secure login for ordering and managing personal settings.

4. Manage Wallet Balance:
   Users can add money to their in-app wallet for hassle-free payment.

5. Search Restaurant:
   Filter restaurants based on train station, ratings, delivery time, and cuisine.

6. Search Food Item:
   Find specific food items like “Veg Thali,” “Biryani,” or “Snacks” quickly.

7. Add to Cart:
   Add selected food items to cart for ordering.

8. Update Quantity / Remove Item:
   Modify cart contents easily before placing the final order.

9. Place Order with PNR/Train Number:
   Orders are placed using valid train or PNR details so the vendor knows the coach and seat number for delivery.

10. My Order:
    Track all active and past orders with full details.

11. View Order Status:
    Track live status of orders (pending, preparing, out for delivery, delivered).

12. Post Feedback:
    Leave a rating and comment based on the food quality, hygiene, packaging, and punctuality.

13. My Profile:
    Users can manage their address, contact details, preferences, and change passwords.

Why This App is Essential for Train Travelers?

Traditional pantry food services in trains are often unreliable, delayed, or lack hygiene. This app provides:

• A clean, safe, and on-time meal delivery alternative.

• Multiple cuisine choices across different stations.

• Cashless experience via wallet and online payment.

• Contactless delivery during pandemic scenarios.

Benefits of Train Food Order App

For Users:

• Book meals from trusted vendors during travel.

• Pay using a secure wallet and receive live status updates.

• Enjoy food at your train seat without stepping out.

For Vendors:

• Expand customer base across multiple stations.

• Manage orders and food inventory digitally.

• Receive genuine feedback to improve services.

For Admin:

• Complete control of vendor approvals and abuse reporting.

• Monitor food quality, delivery ratings, and user behavior.

• Ensure platform standards and regulatory compliance.

 Use Case:

A family traveling from Chennai to Delhi books meals using their PNR number. They choose North Indian lunch from a vendor in Nagpur station. The app assigns the order to the vendor. The vendor confirms the coach and seat, prepares the food, and delivers it as the train halts at the platform. The family enjoys fresh food without any delay or confusion.

Security & Usability

• OTP Verification: Prevents fake registrations.

• PNR Integration: Ensures correct delivery.

• Wallet Payments: Promotes quick, cashless transactions.

• Order History: Helps in reordering favorite meals.

• Feedback System: Builds a trust ecosystem for users and vendors.

Technology Stack Suggestion

• Frontend: React / Angular

• Backend: Node.js / PHP

• Database: MongoDB / MySQL

• Authentication: JWT + OTP API

• Integrations: PNR API, SMS Gateway, Wallet API

Future Scope and Enhancements

The system is scalable and can be enhanced with:

 1. Live Train Tracking API

Integrate Indian Railway APIs to get accurate train timings, delays, and upcoming station alerts.

2. AI-Based Meal Recommendation

Based on user preferences, order history, and station location, recommend personalized food options.

3. E-Invoicing and Tax Compliance

Auto-generate GST invoices for every food order placed for accounting and tax purposes.

4. Food Image Recognition

Use AI to verify vendor-uploaded images to avoid fake photos and ensure food quality.

5. Vendor Hygiene Rating

Introduce a “FSSAI Hygiene Score” for vendors based on health inspections and user reports.

6. Pre-Booking Meal Option

Allow users to pre-book meals even before boarding, for scheduled delivery at preferred stations.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1: Is this app linked with IRCTC?

No, but it can be integrated with IRCTC or use public PNR APIs to fetch live travel data.

Q2: What happens if the train is delayed?

The app can notify the vendor of any delay so they can adjust preparation and delivery time.

Q3: Can I cancel an order?

Yes, users can cancel before the order status becomes “Preparing.” Refunds go to the wallet.

Q4: What types of food are available?

Options include Veg Thali, Biryani, North Indian, South Indian, Jain meals, snacks, beverages, and combos.

Q5: Can I order for multiple people?

Yes, users can increase quantity or add different items for all family members traveling together.

Q6: Is contactless delivery available?

Yes, vendors are encouraged to maintain hygiene and deliver without physical contact when requested.

 Final Thoughts

The Train Food Ordering App for Travelers is not just a food delivery app—it’s a smart travel companion that ensures every train journey is delicious, safe, and hassle-free. With real-time updates, vendor management, and OTP-secured transactions, this platform is the future of meal services on Indian Railways.

This system can also be proposed as a student academic project, demonstrating full-stack development, user authentication, real-time tracking, and role-based access control.

Smart Campus Placement & Recruitment Management System

Introduction

The Smart Campus Placement & Recruitment Management System is a web-based application designed to streamline the student placement process within educational institutions. This system bridges the gap between students, placement staff, and administrative personnel, ensuring seamless handling of placement activities such as job listings, student applications, company registrations, and result management. Campus Placement Recruitment System

The system provides tailored dashboards and features for three core roles: Admin, Placement Staff, and Students (Users), each designed to fulfill their respective responsibilities efficiently.

Smart Campus Placement & Recruitment Management System

Key Objectives

• Simplify campus placement procedures.

• Enable real-time tracking of student applications.

• Reduce administrative workload and paperwork.

• Enhance communication between institutions and students.

• Improve transparency in result announcements and placement eligibility.

System Modules Overview

Admin Module

The Admin has the highest level of control within the system. This role manages student records, approves their profiles, and oversees placement staff and their login credentials.

Features:

1. Admin Login:
   Secured login for administrators to access the backend dashboard.

2. Create Student:
   Admin can manually add student profiles, assigning academic and personal information.

3. View Student Details:
   Allows viewing all registered student records in a sortable, filterable format.

4. Approve Student Details:
   Validates the student’s submitted profile and academic details before allowing them to apply for placements.

5. Manage Placement Login:
   Controls access to placement staff accounts—create, update, or revoke credentials.

Placement Staff Module

The Placement Staff manages company registrations, job postings, result updates, and acts as a mediator between students and recruiters.

 Features:

1. Login:
   Authorized login for staff to access placement-related tools and information.

2. Create Placement:
   Add new job opportunities by entering company name, role, salary, eligibility criteria, and application deadlines.

3. Update/Delete Placement:
   Modify or remove existing job postings based on changes or cancellation by the recruiters.

4. Update Placement Results:
   After recruitment rounds, staff can upload shortlisted candidate names and final placement results, which students can view in their profiles.

Student/User Module

Students register and manage their own profiles, apply for placements, and track their placement progress.

 Features:

1. Register:
   Students sign up with details like name, email, department, academic scores, and resume uploads.

2. Login:
   Secure login to the student dashboard where they can manage and track their placement activities.

3. Search Placement:
   Students can browse current placement opportunities using filters such as company, role, eligibility, and deadline.

4. Apply Placement:
   Allows students to apply to eligible jobs, with their applications tracked and visible under the “My Applications” section.

5. View Placement Results:
   Students can view if they have been shortlisted, selected, or rejected post-interview.

6. My Profile:
   Students can view and update their personal and academic information, including their resume, certifications, and career preferences.

 Why Use a Campus Placement Management System?

Traditional placement processes are often paper-based, time-consuming, and prone to human errors. By using an automated, cloud-based placement management system, educational institutions can:

• Ensure efficient job-posting-to-selection workflows.

• Enable 24×7 access to opportunities for students.

• Provide centralized data for analysis and decision-making.

• Maintain data integrity and reduce repetitive tasks.

Technical Highlights

• Technology Stack: PHP / Node.js, MySQL / MongoDB, React / Angular for front end.

• Security: Password encryption, role-based access, and session management.

• Scalability: Supports growing user base, multi-role login, and database expansion.

• Responsiveness: Mobile-first design ensures usability on smartphones and tablets.

Benefits for Stakeholders

For Students:

• Real-time access to placement updates.

• Single portal to manage applications.

• Get notified of eligibility, interviews, and selection.

For Placement Staff:

• Easier communication with recruiters.

• Faster scheduling and result publishing.

• Centralized student application tracking.

For Admins:

• Manage students and staff roles effectively.

• Monitor overall system usage and performance.

• Handle authentication and access controls.

Use Case Example:

Imagine a final-year B.Tech student logs into the system. They complete their profile and upload a resume. Based on their CGPA and department, the system filters available job postings from companies like Infosys, Wipro, or TCS. They apply for two suitable jobs. A few days later, they get notified via their dashboard that they are shortlisted for one and selected for another. Meanwhile, placement staff updated the results, and the admin monitored all activities via logs.

 Future Enhancements

• AI-based Resume Scoring: Suggest resume improvements or flag mismatches.

• Company Dashboard: Allow companies to register and post openings directly.

• Notification System: Send email/SMS alerts for updates.

• Analytics Dashboard: Track placement rates, student performance, and success metrics.

Detailed Workflow of Campus Placement Recruitment System

The Smart Campus Placement & Recruitment System operates in a structured, phase-wise manner to simplify and automate the recruitment lifecycle.

 Step-by-Step Workflow:

1. Student Registration & Profile Approval

   • New students register and fill out their academic, personal, and contact information.

   • They upload relevant documents such as resumes, mark sheets, and certificates.

   • Admin reviews and approves student details to verify eligibility for placement drives.

2. Placement Staff Job Posting

   • Placement officers add job opportunities from partnered companies.

   • Each job posting includes job roles, location, salary package, eligibility (CGPA, branch), and deadline.

3. Student Application

   • Approved students browse available jobs via the dashboard.

   • Students apply only to those jobs they are eligible for.

   • Once applied, their application status changes to “Applied”.

4. Interview & Result Updates

   • Placement staff organize interviews, either offline or through integrated links.

   • Shortlisted and selected students are updated on the portal.

   • Students can view their final results directly from their dashboards.

5. Admin Oversight

   • Admin manages the entire flow and checks system usage.

   • Placement analytics (like number of students placed, job offers per student, etc.) are accessible.

Digital Transformation in Campus Placements

By moving from manual spreadsheets and notice boards to a fully integrated web portal, institutions benefit in multiple ways:

Time Efficiency

• Tasks that took hours (verifying documents, publishing lists, shortlisting candidates) are now done in minutes.

 Data Security

• Role-based access ensures only authorized users can view or manipulate sensitive data like student scores or placement outcomes.

 Transparency

• Every action (such as approval, application, result) is logged and visible, reducing biases or unfair selections.

 Accessibility

• Students from remote areas or during vacation can still track and apply for jobs, making the system globally accessible.

 Eco-friendly

• Eliminates the need for printing hundreds of resumes, schedules, and notices, contributing to a green campus initiative.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1: Can students edit their profiles after admin approval?

A: Students can request updates, but changes are reviewed by the admin to ensure data integrity.

Q2: How are eligibility criteria handled?

A: Each job post has built-in eligibility filters like department, CGPA, and year, so only qualified students can apply.

Q3: Can placement results be hidden until a specific date?

A: Yes, placement staff can set a “publish date” for results so students are notified only after official release.

Q4: Is it possible to export student data?

A: Admin and staff can export data in CSV or Excel format for audit or analysis purposes.

Q5: Does the system send notifications?

A: Yes, the system can be configured to send email/SMS alerts for job openings, deadlines, or result updates.

Conclusion

The Smart Campus Placement & Recruitment Management System offers a complete solution to modernize college placement workflows. By digitizing and automating the entire recruitment cycle, it ensures transparency, efficiency, and satisfaction for all stakeholders—students, staff, and administrators. This system not only saves time but also provides valuable insights into student performance and placement trends, enabling educational institutions to better prepare their students for the competitive job market.

Online Course Management System using asp.net with Csharp – Codeshoppy

A course management system such as Blackboard, Moodle is a set of tools for the online delivery of (some) course content. Many academic institutions, including UBC, have found a CMS to be a mission critical application, commanding high usage, and demanding high availability. Students benefit from having a set of online notes, tutorials, and other Web-based resources. Some faculty members, however, question the pedagogical value of CMSs, and wonder if the investment of faculty time and money might be better spent in other ways to improve teaching and learning. Increasingly, students demand access to course materials and instructor/TA support on a roundthe-clock basis. Online Course Management System What is not always apparent is the amount of instructor time needed to produce the CMS content, and to support the online environment. Academic/staff support is often inadequate, as reduced budgets and increased workloads take their toll on those individuals as well.

Existing System

Course management systems (for example, Canvas, Blackboard, etc.) are web‐based software systems that support teaching and learning in face‐to‐face as well as online environments. Faculty members directly manage their course content in course management systems. These guidelines relate only to copyright issues.

DISADVANTAGES:

Materials posted must be in the legal possession of the Library, faculty member, or the institution; or legally obtained, and must be used solely for non-profit, educational purposes.  It is preferable to link to materials already legally available rather than photocopying or scanning and posting a digital copy.

All scans or reproductions posted should represent a small portion of the whole copyrighted work. Library staff (see below) can offer guidance about the appropriate proportion to use. Complete works (such as a whole book, whole album of music, or whole journal issue) should not be posted without permission.

Proposed System

On entering specified URL, it opens the screen with menus – Home page, About Us, Contact, User Manual, and School Registration.Administrator or authorized person from the school will go for ‘School Registration’ and on registration; it generates user name and password and send to user through SMS and Email. User will have to log in through this user name and password for attendance. Links will be provided to the user as per requirement.

Download and then upload the Excel sheet where student’s details would be filled in specified format. Students will be registered in bulk.Master entries such as country master, state master, city master, holiday master, class master, and division master will be done.

Faculty registration will be done. On registration, username and password will be generated and will also be sent through SMS and Email. Subjects will be allotted to faculties. Also, classes will be allotted to the faculties.After all the detailing, it starts attendance marking. For the Sundays and defined holidays, relevant message will be displayed. Mark the attendance by click of mouse for each student. Go on clicking till user gets the desired status.

ADVANTAGES:

• User Friendly: User interface is very easy. Data storing and recovery is fast and secured. In addition, application is provided with graphical representation for easier interpretation and analysis.
• Reports are easily generated: Various reports such as Student wise attendance, Day wise attendance, Class wise attendance, Month Wise Class Attendance etc can be easily generated. Current and back-dated reports can be available instantly.No paperwork and no risk of errors which can be occurred while marking the attendance manually.

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College management system using asp.net with Csharp

College Management System are many matters regarding the college that need to be maintained through the online method with the help of some application. The activities, student details and many matters like this can be better managed by the applications which are capable in doing this task. The college management system application will allow the authorities of the college management to reduce the pen paper work which is a tedious job. College Management System The admission details, students and faculty’s information, feedback system performance of the students, reviews of the particular colleges, suggestions that can be given in some matters needed for improvement can all be dealt easily using the college management system application.

Existing System

College event management is the application to manage and development of festivals, events and conferences. Proposed work involves study of identifying the target of budget, cost, and analysis. Post event analysis and ensuring a return on investment have become significant drivers for the event industry. This is an online event management system, software project that serves the functionality of an event manager. The project provides most of the basic functionality required for an event.

DISADVANTAGES

It allows the user to select from list of event types. College Management System is very helpful for events. This application being as a platform to know the events, to apply for the events. Event organizer is an application under project management for managing festivals or social events like gathering, colleges, events, conferences etc. To understand use of this application consider the flow of actions happening, by this application user can register the students, after registering, user can login, after login, event details including name ,contact, address, venue of the event, date, event conducting time, cost of events etc. After receiving SMS student can register through application.

Proposed System

The college management system application is one of the interesting and useful projects that the final year students can work on. There can be separate login id and the password for the students and the higher authorities of the college. This application can also include the feedback system that can be obtained from the students and the faculties for the further improvement of the system in the colleges. The application must be having a strong back end system to store all the database of the college. This application will help in smooth running of the college management.

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Ebus Location Tracking System

Advanced traveler information systems are one component of intelligent transportation systems, and a major component is travel time information. Prediction Model have been adopted by many transit agencies for tracking their vehicles and predicting travel time in real time. It is a very important subject to improve the precision and reliability of the prediction model which can attract additional ridership, reduce passengers’ anxieties and waiting times at bus stop, and increase their satisfaction. Furthermore, it can promote the development of city public transportation. This paper presents an improved approach to predict the public bus arrival time based on location. After analyzing the components of bus arrival time systematically, the bus arrival time and dwell time at previous stops are chosen as the main input variables of the prediction model. At first, the algorithm of data interpolation and processing is designed to get the real-time of bus arrival as the input variables of the prediction models. Secondly, the statistical model is obtained based on the filtering the location, bus route and date of each bus respectively. Thirdly, a hybrid prediction model is proposed to predict the bus arrival time. Ebus Location Tracking System The results show that the improved model out performs the historical data based model in terms of prediction accuracy.

Existing System & Disadvantage

• Location of the bus is not known, thus we need to ask the bus information for respective persons.
• Long time waiting for the bus.
• Chances of missing bus.

PROPOSED SYSTEM & Advantages.

• We are expecting to find the location of the bus and let the users know the location.
• so that one can manage their time efficiently and reach their stop just before the bus arrives or take an alternate means of transport if they miss the bus or they are running late.

The Bus Management System is designed for both online and offline users to check the bus information and can search for anybus location by filtering source and destination location using android application. The new system is to control the following information; bus information, available time, and stopping points, so passengers can reach the bus stop at correct time instead waiting for long time. This application are to be provided in an efficient, cost effective manner, with the goal of reducing the time of passengers.

User Interfaces

The application will have a user friendly and filter based interface. The following screens will be provided.

Login Screen for user to provide user email and password.

Register Screen for creating new account, who do not have their account.

Home page will display list of menus to go with.

Each menu page will consists of filtering and searching bus information, about hotels, tourists spot, famous temples and about Mayiladuthurai.

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Exam Hall Ticket Management System

This paper gives the idea about the working of Examination management System. This online examination management system project is developed for the Engineering student in order to view the timetable for allocate students in hall and attendance for hall wise and student wise. This project can also focus on for Examination and Hall Ticket. This project is a Mobile based application. The developed project or the software application allows the student to select their exam timetable online and view the seating arrangementfor the exam. In this project student can also generate there Hall Ticket by giving input such as Branch, year, semester, and Roll No of student. The developed system is evaluated using real data by prospective users of the system.

Exam Hall Ticket Management System

Existing System

1. It need employment as the human efforts.
2. In existing system hall ticket management works on manual process which is a time taking process and data organizing is not efficient.

Proposed System

3. The system based hall ticket management system.
4. Allows for faster service.
5. Allows increased accuracy.
6. Easy , user friendly GUI.

Module Description

Admin

The different menu options that the user have to choose from like

• Creating the Hall
• Create Student record & login
• Update hall Ticket and student information
• Inserting the new student in the class,
• Edit details of the existing student in the class and
• Deleting the records

System Features

This section gives a functional requirement that applicable to the exam hall and Attendance System.

There are two sub modules in this phase.

• User module.
• Administrator module.

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Cake Order Shopping Online

Buy a Cake is a portal which allows admin in developing counters to advertise and sell their cake. This would permit rural communities to make their wares available to the rest of the world.

The objective of this project is to create a portal which would allow product information to be updated securely using a mobile device and will allow users to buy cake from the admin. The main concern is given to the village women’s to explore their talents and to enhance our traditional Indian culture. Cake Order Shopping Online – Android App

In future the internet become whole and soul to the business fields, each and every trades are going to be done through it so this portal may helpful to the women as a business person in this running world.

Existing Solution:

• This system helps in enhancing our traditional handmade products to publish in the market.
• The system helps buyers to search the product in their figure tips.
• It provides the easy way to buy the product directly from the merchants without the interface of any third party.
• It also helps the rural people to sell their products to the market and to earn money to improve their status.

Proposed Solution:

• In the proposed system we tried to provide the high security than the existing system.
• Try to make the rural people to feel to fill the description about their products.
• We will provide friendlier environment than the existing one.

In the life of the software development, problem analysis provides a base for design and development phase. The problem is analyzed so that sufficient matter is provided to design a new system. Large problems are sub-divided into smaller once to make them understandable and easy for finding solutions. Same in this project all the task are sub-divided and categorized.

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Online Movie Ticket Booking Project App

Online Movie Ticket Booking System is a mobile app to provide the users’ facility to book tickets for a show and to collect information regarding the films and theaters. Client has to register at the positioning to book tickets to the show. When choosing the show, the user is given a seating layout in order that he will choose seats of his selection. Online Movie Ticket Booking Project App Thenceforth he’s redirected to the payment entryway for creating a group action. User will update his profile, take a print out of the price tag and conjointly read his booking history. The most aim of the project is any user they can access the system through web site at any time while not planning to the corporate. As a replacement user conjointly he will collect all info like as movies out there, list of theatres.

Objectives

The main purpose of our online ticket booking system is to provide another way for the customer to buy cinema ticket. It is an automatic system.

• After inserting the data to database, staff need not to due with the order receive through the system. In fact, there is similar system on the internet, but there is no refund method found in the existing system.
• This system is basically aimed to provide the customer the complete information of the movie, according to which the customer can book the tickets and the refund facility provides more flexibility to the system.
• The goals of our system are:

1. To provide a anytime anyplace service for the customer
2. To minimize the number of staff at the ticket box
3. To promote the film on the internet
4. To increase the profit
5. To obtain statistic information from the booking record

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Online Road Complaints Registration System

Using Kernel Density Estimation to Target Customer Complaint Handling Service

Nowadays customer experience is the most important factor affects the customer loyalty, especially in a mature market. Thus, a Complaint Process Platform (CPP) plays an important role in dealing with customer complaints; most of them are poor mobile coverage, frequent call drops and low speed on 4G. Usually, subscribes call service center directly and report issues to the agent. Many complaints can be resolved at this stage and no need to dispatch cases to the next level, a secondary agency that helps resolve complaints about telecom services. This paper introduces a method of kernel density estimation based on the locations of customer complaint by using kernel density function.

Online Complaint Registration – Street-Pipe-road

This method targets hot zones with poor mobile coverage automatically and precisely and generates handling strategies, in order to improve the success rate of customer complaint handling at the service center. The process of designing the CPP metrics for telecommunication services is also given.

A.Architecture Overview The architecture of complaint process platform providing the execution environment of kernel density estimation is showed in Figure 1. The platform is composed of multiple components including complaint handling, map API, kernel density estimation and OSS. The function of complaint handling includes complaint reporting, complaint diagnosis and complaint analysis. The complaint reporting module offers complaint summarization and reporting. When agents accept the customer complaint, this function could get the newest complaint case from each service center. The complaint diagnosis includes specific area diagnosis, reply recommendation and important dates listed for each improvement. When agents start to handle the trouble issues by the complaint diagnosis, a proper recommendation will be displayed on the screen after keying all complaint attribute and keyword. In addition, all neighbor hotspots may appear in the search list based on the location of the customer. The agents could easily read these hotspots to decide how to explain and apology to the customer. Complaint analyses reveal the quality of service center and generate statistic report monthly. The module of kernel density estimation is responsible for data classified and hotspots management. The data of configuration management (CM) and performance management (PM) are received from OSS. Based on primitive event log of the customer complaint, a new hotspot suggestion is generated by an analytic program using kernel density estimation. Code Shoppy

B.Hotspot Management Fig. 2 is the flow chart of hotspot management. In proposed solution, the QoE collectors collect data from OSS and filter out inconsistent data. Then, the platform retrieves the data of customer complaint and obtain coordinate by using APIs of the map application. Next, the extracted data will deal with kernel density function algorithm. If the process finds a new hotspot, the comparison information and recommendation could be automatically generated by each complaint classification. Based on the information of hotspot management, the service center can improve the success rate of customer complaint handling. However, the configuration of mobile network elements is usually deployed and updated very quickly. Thus, the hotspot management provides an integrated console to managing the data related to hotspots.

In [5], some of different kernel functions have been used in applications, such as normal distribution, quartic distribution, triangular distribution, uniform distribution and negative exponential. In proposed method, normal distribution is adopted and can be defined as [6] =−=NihdiijehKWjg122]21[)(22π (1) where )(jgis the density of grid cell j,ijdis the distance between grid cell jand event location i. The constant Kis initially set to 1 and his the standard deviation of the normal distribution (bandwidth). iW is a weight at the point location.

This function extends to infinity in all directions and can be applied to any location in the specific area. The kernel function can be expanded to two or three dimensional. Figure 3 shows a 2-dimensional normal distribution and is particularly appropriate for geographical data, such as customer complaint locations. The normal distribution produces estimation over the entire area and is good for suburban area whereas the distribution of customer complaint point is spared. According to the description in previous section, a method for specific area estimation is proposed and shows in figure 4. The first step is to generate square grids which are a small-sized geometrical shape. The event logs of customer complaint about each square grid are to be extracted from OSS. The summation of all events in each square grid is a weighting variable for the kernel density estimation. Next, the bandwidth of kernel function is to be defined. The bandwidth of the normal kernel function is the standard deviation of the normal distribution. In general, a narrower bandwidth interval leads to a higher resolution, which means picture shows lots of peaks and valleys. On the other hand, a larger bandwidth interval leads to a smoother distribution. Typically, the choice of bandwidth is depended on expert experience and extensive experimental results. In density calculation stage, absolute density estimate is used to generate the output surface. All occurred event logs in each square grid can obtain the estimation result. A two-dimensional normal distribution places over each of customer complaint point with the resulting density surface being a sum of all customer complaint individual surfaces. Next, a threshold can be defined to filter out some noise in the surface. The density surface can reveal the distribution of customer complaint events against the natural geography of the specific area, including the QoS of indoor coverage and high floor area. The result of estimation shows the real customer experience of the network over a period of time. Therefore, the hotspot management module integrates all CM and PM information to find out all possible hotspots. Based on analytic results of the proposed method, the best strategies for improving customer complaint handling process are generated.

When new base station installed to improve signal coverage nearby a hotspot, hotspot management module observes the number of customer complaints in next 12 weeks and updates the attribute of hotspot from High to Medium or Low. On the other hand, continuous monitoring and continuous auditing can enable management to achieve operational control objectives while removing or adjusting the configuration of a base station.

Ambulance Mobile App

A Novel Mobile Telemedicine System for Ambulance Transport. Design and Evaluation

Many published studies [1] have shown that early and specialized pre-hospital management of emergency casescontributes to the patient’s survival. Especially in cases of serious head injuries, spinal cord or internal organs trauma, the way that injured persons are treated and transported is crucial. Most emergency cases are due to car crash accidents and to coronary artery diseases. Statistics for car accidents in USA and Europe prove that many thousands of people loose their lives and many more drivers or passengers are severely injured. Studies performed in Greece, a country with a very high death rate due to car crashes, proved that most of the fatalinjuries in accidents were injured far away from anycompetent healthcare institution, thus resulting in long response times.

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Furthermore, in the London, UK, area half of the casualties require at least 2 hours to reach adequate hospital care, 79% of victims of accidents in rural roads dieon the scene, another 11% during transportation [2]. Some of these cases had a 50% chance of survival, if adequate pre-hospital care existed. Heart disease is another common example of high death rates in emergency cases, since two thirds of all patients die before reaching the central hospital. In a study performed in the UK [3] it is shown that among patients above 55 years old, who die from cardiac arrest, 91% do so outside a hospital unit, due to a lack of immediate treatment. Thecomponents of delay in administering the appropriate therapy [4] are: The patient’s failure to recognize the seriousness of his symptoms and seek emergency care, •Pre-hospital evaluation and transport time, •Time required for diagnosis and initiation of treatment in the hospital Also, many studies have proven that a rapid response time in pre-hospital actions concerning emergency heart deceases, decreases mortality and improves patient outcome[5] – [13]. This paper presents a new telemedicine system enabling ambulance staff, rescue people, emergency paramedics, or general practitioners, to collaborate in order to face pre-hospital patient treatment. It is known that, usually, the ambulance staff has not the required advanced theoretical knowledge and experience to handle emergency situations. Moreover, it is not certified to provide medical care without a medical expert advice. On the other hand, expert physicians such as cardiologists, neurosurgeons, orthopedics cannot participate in ambulance staff for financial or practical reasons Using this system, the above restrictions are coming through by means of an electronic collaboration scheme that is established between the ambulance staff and the experts of a medical unit. This scheme provides the appropriate tolls for the acquisition, transfer, demonstration and evaluation of diverse patient vital signs, such as electrocardiogram (ECG), blood oxygen saturation (SPO2), temperature, blood pressure etc. as well as patient pictures. Moreover, by means of wireless communications tools the experts can advise the ambulance staff to perform theappropriate actions in order to face any emergency case. Hence, the valuable pre-hospital transport time is turned to advantage to diagnose and evaluate the patient’s situation en route, and the pre-hospital phase of transport is transformed into a pre-hospital phase of treatment. In the cases of accidents, the introduced system facilitates the collaboration of the trauma center with the police and the fire brigade since all involved vehicles employs the common electronic collaboration scheme. The proposed system resulted by a project tuned by the European Union under the INNACT-RWG R&D programAction 3.1. Its implementation based on the integration of many technologies such as Geographical Information Systems (GIS), Global Positioning Systems (GPS), wireless LAN (IEEE 802.11), and GSM telephony.

During a two-month pilot period of system operation wetried to find out the system reliability. Of the 55 patients, only 20 cases were marked to have pre-hospital notification. The system utilization results –data of only 36,4% of the patients were recorded by the telemedicine system and transmitted to the reception center- was not the expected. This may be due to the small number of ambulancesequipped with the telemedicine health care system. Another possible reason is that not all patients had health problems serious enough to require the use of the telemedicine systems’ resources. Respecting the time for the vital sign acquisition, transmission and interpretation, Figure 5 shows the average time. Depending on the patient’s state, patient’s cooperation, and vehicle speed, a paramedic needs about 3 min to connect all the needed sensors for 12-lead ECG, SPO2, Temp, and NiBP acquisition. A mean time of 40 sec was required for the mobile connection establishment and the vital sign transmission to the reception center. The average time for transportation was 20 min. Therefore, the ambulance was arrived to the hospital 16 min and 20 sec after the vital sign transmission. Doctors need approximately 12 min to make the ECG interpretation and the other vital sign evaluation. Thus, the diagnosis for the transported cases could have been made 4 min and 20 sec before the patient’s arrival to the hospital. During the above time a preparation could proceed. Thinking of the connection and transmission through the GSM network, tables 1 and 2 shows the results. In Table 1,we can find out how successful the mobile connection was. 16 of 20 cases were successful on the first attempt. A second or third attempt was required in 4 and 2 cases respectively. Table 2 shows how successful the transmission was. In atotal of 20 cases, 17 cases were transmitted on the first attempt, 2 were interrupted and retransmitted one time and 1 was interrupted more then one times. The most common reason for the transmission failure was the low signal levelin some geographical areas, the overloaded mobile service network around the referring area, and in some cases, thebad topological situations. The devices’ advantage was that in both cases (no connection with the first trial or interruption during the data transmission), we had no data loss, because all of the collected data from the system startup till the transmission is stored locally in the mobile unit, in order for a complete medical report to be available every time. The directions to the paramedics were provided with bi-directional voice communication using a separate GSM connection. This solution was selected for two major reasons. With the separate voice communication, the maximum bandwidth was available for medical data transmission, allowing faster interpretation and reply from the control center. Also, for additional reasons such as security, freedom of movement in high risk rescues, e.t.c. vocal communication must be always available. Click here

Online Herbs Shopping Project

Herbe – Herb Database Management System

Learning about herb is important for daily medical treatment. People should know how to use herb around them to cure simple diseases in daily life. This reason inspires us to create the herb database application to be used as standard for research and study in the future. We hope that this application will provide knowledge and benefit to every group of people such as instructors, students, doctors, patients, ordinary people, etc. Our work emphasizes on the thorough analysis of the herb database and the mobile application has functions to search enough details for users what are the benefits of that herb, its characteristics, how to use it, therapy, etc. If there is a new herb, we provide a back office website to update and maintain the herb information. Code Shoppy Finally, this project will improve the database perspective of the herb and increase the accessibility of herb data for a better daily health usage.

Herbs are products of nature that comes from plants, animals, and minerals. It can be transformed into medicine or mixed with other ingredients to cure diseases, improve body health, or used in a poisonous way. If people mix herbs of more than two types, it is called medicine. Herbs that came from plants, animals and minerals are called drugs of biological origin. Every part of a plant can be used as the herb; such as leaf, root, flower, fruit, seed, core, etc. This information should be spread to everyone. It provides benefits and advice people on how to use herbs.

Herbs are natural products that were used as a benefit for the treatment of diseases since antiquity. Nowadays, it has been accepted globally that herbs are better than scientific synthetic medicines. There are ten thousand plants that can be used as herbs. Moreover, herbs are used in the manufacturing of foods, beverages, and cosmetics. The only disadvantage of herbs is that users do not have enough information to verify it. It is difficult choosing the proper herbs to use, estimate ratio and volume, know about side effects, and so on. A. Herb Knowledge In Thailand, herb means the natural products from plant, animal, or mineral as the medicine to cure diseases, nourish body, or use in cooking. In general, herb means the medical plant used for curing diseases. Because most of the herbs are plants, this project will focus on plant part of the herb. Plants can be categorized into four main types; herbaceous plants, shrubs, climbers, and trees. Plant consists of five main parts; root, stem, leaf, flower, and fruit [1], [2]. ƒROOT is divided into two parts. The first part is the taproot system, which consists of Primary Root (taproot) and Secondary Root (a group of lateral roots). Another part is Adventitious Root or the root that is created to do some special duty. The types of adventitious root consist of many types according to its shape and duty [3]. ƒSTEM can be categorized into two main types; aerial stems and underground stems. Aerial Stem are stems that we can see above the ground. Underground Stem is the stem that does not rise to the surface [4]. ƒLEAF can be classified into two types; simple leaf and compound leaf. Phyllotaxy is one of the factors that will tell about the arrangement of leaves. Leaf consists of three main parts; stipule, petiole, and leaf blade. Leaf blade consists of seven more details; leaf shape, leaf apex, leaf base, leaf margin, leaf surface, leaf texture, and leaf venation. The shape of leaf blade can be categorized into two types; normal shape and object-liked shape [5], [6]. ƒFLOWER consists of four main parts; sepal, petal, stamen, and pistil. Flower can be categorized in three ways. The first one is about the component of the flower. The second one is about the gender of the flower. The last one is about the amount of flower in one group [7], [8]. ƒFRUIT consists of two main parts; pericarp and seed. Fruit can be categorized in three ways. The first one is about the birth of the fruit from ovary of the flower. The second one is about the fresh inside the fruit [9], [10]. B. Herb DatabaseThere are some examples, which one of them is shown as Fig.1, of herb information from the herb book of Siriraj Hospital [1].

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In this section, the HERBE system analysis and design are describe. Herbe is designed using three tiers architecture and the system application is developed into the mobile application as a front-end service and the web application as the back-end service for database management functions. A. System Architecture For the design, there are two parts of platforms; which are android part and website part as shown in Fig.3. The user can be divided into 3 classes: Guest, Member, and Admin. Users will provide searching keyword into their mobile or the website about herbs that they need to know. Both platforms will send the information to interact with our web server that is looked after by admin. The result from the database will be sent back to the user. If the information is new, admin group will update the information in the database. B. Structure Chart The structure chart of Herbe system consists of four main functions: modification, search, comment, and annotation. C. Database 1)Account – The group of account tables focuses on the information and statistic of each account in this system. 2)Herb – The group of herb database tables focuses on the information and statistic of each herb. 3)Part – The group of herb database tables focuses on the detail information of each part (root, stem, leaf, flower, and fruit) of the herb. 4)Usage – The table focuses on the benefits of each herb in the database. 5)Image – The table focuses on the image path of each image about the herb. 6)Annotation – The group of database tables focuses on the annotation record about new herb information. 7)History – The table focuses on the record about each view on each herb data by each user. 8)Record – The group of record tables focuses on the record about the modification that has been made by Admin to each herb data. D. Interface The interface design of Herbe application has two parts: back-end (Website), and front-end (Mobile phone). The first part of this project is in Website, which is the part for administrator to edit information about herb in the database. The examples of website interface are shown in Fig.6. Another part of this project is in Mobile, which is the part for user to find some herb information from the database.

In conclusion, HERBE application is designed and developed based on the thorough analysis of the nature of herb data. HERBE-database consists of more than 50 data tables containing all parts of the herb information. As a results, the evaluation reflects the high score on both the contents and performance of HERBE system. The search engine is designed to support easy usage for any user. Therefore, HERBE is quite a useful application for helping people to gain knowledge about the herb from both Website and Mobile, but it still needs to be improved. In future work, we plan to make the application more stable and improve some function to be more useful.